Exhaust-controlling valve for percussive tools.



I: M. SLMEB, Y EXHAUST CONTROLLING VAEV'E FOR PERCUSSIVE TOOLS.

APPLICATION FILED .IUN l! I9II..

@muted Ang: MII 1%?.

EXHAUST CONTROLLING VALVE FOR PERCUSSIVE TOOLS. APPLICATION F1150 JUNE 1, 19111.

Patented Aug. 14, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

M; SLTER, 0F EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSKGNOR T0 INGERSOLL-RAND COM` PAW, F 'ERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CRRATION OF NEW JERSEY.

nascere.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

rasantes aeg. iii, iai a..

Application ined rune 1, 191e. serial No. 842,235.

To all wtom it may concern.'

Beit known that I, FRED M. SLATER, a4

citizen of the United States, residing at Easton, in the county of Northampton and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement 1n Exhaust- Controlling Valves for Percusslve ools, of which the following is a specificationn This invention relates to Huid operated percussive tools, and more particularly to valve mechanism for controlling the exhaust from such tools.

The objectof the invention is to provide l5 a separate valve for controlling the exhaust from one or both ends of the cylinder independently of the admission of Huid to the cylinder.

'lhis object is accomplished by the lnven- 2d tion, practical embodiments of which' are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through the complete tool taken on the line 1--1 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 2 shows a transverse section taken on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1,

lig shows a view with the cylinder .partly broken away showing one of the dvalves and its operating rods in perspective,

while ligs. 4, 5 and@ are views similar to Fig. 3 or modied forms oi the valve mechanism.

in the drawings, the tool is shown as com- 25 prising a cylinder made up of two parts, a rearward part l vwhich is provided with a bore 2 of comparatively small diameter, and a iorward part 3 which has a bore of considerably larger diameter. Sliding into the bore of the cylinder portion 3 is a lining sleeve 4 which has a ange 5 near its forward end which engages the forward end of the cylinder portion 3 and serves to position the sleeve 4 in the cylinder.

.5 The bore of the sleeve 4 provides a forward cylinder space 6 which is of considerably larger diameter than the rearward bore 2 and sliding in the bore 6 is the head 7 of the piston 3 from which extends rearwardly o a shank portion 9 which slides 1n the bore and the shank 9.

Seating against the ange 5 is a front head 11 through which the shank l2 of an anvil 5 block 13 projects into the path of the piston..

fthe cylinder by passages 34. Similar rods 2, there being a neck between the head 7 T he parts are all held together by a nose piece 14 which is secured by bolts 15 to the back head 16 by means of lugs, (not shown).

During the operation of the tool air is admitted constantly through a passage 17 in the rear end of the bore 2. From an intermediate point in thisbore 2, so placed as to be uncovered by the piston near the end ot its forward stroke, a passage 18 leads to the extreme forward end of the cylinder, while from the constant pressure part of the cyl'- inder a passage 19 leads to an annular port 20 near the forward end of the bore 2 so placed as to be thrown into communication with the rear end of the bore in sleeve 4 by means of the neck 10 of the piston near the end of its rearward stroke.

ln the outer surface of t-he sleeve 4 there is a depression which when the sleeve is in position in the cylinder forms an annular exhaust chamber 21 of considerable length which communicates with the atmosphere through ports 22 in the cylinder 3 and with t-he opposite ends of the bore in cylinder 3 by two series of longitudinal passages 23 and 24. rllhe exhaust chamber 2l is also in communication with the cylinder. by means of auxiliary exhaust ports 25 placed centrally of the cylinder and adapted to be uncovered by the piston head near the end of its stroke in either direction. The ends of the sleeve 4are squared olf to form transverse annular valve seats 26 and 27, to the surfaces of which open respectively the passages 23 and 24.

Seated on the valve seats 26 and 27 are valves 28 and 29, here shown as annular plates, which have a limited movement oil' the seats to open the exhaust passages 23 and 24 from the cylinder and close in the manner of check valves. To open these exhaust valves several mechanisms are shown. In Fig. l there is provided a series of rods 3l the upper ends o theserods being of small diameter and sliding through the passages 23 int6contactwith the valve 28 while their lower ends are provided with larger heads 32 iitting into small cylinders 33 to which iiuid is admitted from the forward end of 35 operating in a reverse direction are provided for the valve 29.

soV

ice

bore 2 and to the rear end of the bore 6 through. the passage 19, past theneck 10. At the same time the pressure on the valve 28 will hold it to its seat, closing the passages 23, while the pressure on the upper ends of rods 35 will hold them in forward position sb that the valve 27 will be vforced from its seat and allow the fluid to escape from the forward end of the cylinder. As the piston moves downwardly driven by the pressure on its rear surfaces the air will first be cut oli' from-the rear end of the bore 6 by the covering of the port 20 by the shank 9. The rear end of the bore 6 will be exhausted when the rear face of the piston'head passes the ports 25. When the rear face of the shank has passed the opening of the passage 18 as shown in Fig. 1, fluid will be admitted to the forward end of the bore 6 and drive the piston backward against the constant pressure on the shank 9. The escape of a slight amount of fluid past the valve 29 will carry this valve upwardly and close the' ports 24, there being. no pressure downwardly at this time from the rods 35 by reason of the fact that the fluid inthe rear end of the bore 6 has been exhausted through the ports 25.

At the same time the live fluid in the forward end of the bore 6 passing through the passages 34 into the small cylinders .33 will raise the rods 31 and consequently the valve 28, opening the exhaust passages 23 and allowing the air from the rear end of the bore 6 to escape to atmosphere.

After the rear face of the shank 9 has again covered the passage 18 on its rearward stroke the expansion of the fluid in the forward end of the bore 6 together with the recoil from the blow on the drill or other tool will carry the piston rearwardly. -As

' it nears the end of its rearward stroke the forward end of the piston head will uncover the exhaust ports 25 allowing the pressure to escape from the small cylinder 33, thus removing the upward pressure on the valve 28 and enabling it to close. When the neck 10 uncovers the port 20, pressure will be again admitted to the rear end of the bore 6, closing the valve 28 and moving the rod 35 downwardly to open the valve 29, the cycle of operations above described being again repeated. In. Fig. 4 anotlieimodication of the valve mechanism is shown. In this form rods 36 are provided which are of slightly greater length than the distance between the valve seats, these rods passing clear through some of the passages 23 and 24 and' having their ends in contact with both valves 28 and 29. It will be seen that with this construction the closing movement of one valve accomplishes the opening movement of the other.

This form of valve mechanism is particularly adapted where it is desired to control the exhaust of both ends of a cylinder chamber and evidently cannot be used for controlling only one end as could the forms shown in Figs. 1 to 3.

In Fig. 5 a further modified form is shown in which the valves are moved by small pistons 37 and 38 to the inner ends of which fluid pressure is constantly supplied by means of a passage 39 leading to the inlet of the tool.

In Fig. 6 a form similar to that shown in Fig. 5 is shown in which the pistons 37 and 38 are pressed outwardly with a constant pressure by means of springs 40 and Ll1.

In these last two forms the valves areY closed when live pressure is admitted to the respective ends of the bore 6 and open immediately this pressure is relieved.

Although the invention is here shown in connection with'a tool in whichthe admission of fluid to the 'intermittently supplied parts of the cylinder is controlled the movement of the piston as in the so-called valvelessl types of tools, it is evidentl that the exhaust valves of this invention'could be used equally well in a tool in which the admission ,to the cylinder is controlled by a separate inlet valve.

Furthermore, although exhaust valves are shown provided for both ends of the cylinder it is evident that with the valves` shown rin Figs. 1 to 3, 5 and6, the` exhaust from vention are included in the spirit and scope of the same as expressed in the claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a fluid operatedpercussive tool, a cylinder, a piston, passages controlled by the piston for alternately admitting lluid to opposite ends of the cylinder, an annular valve seat in each intermittently supplied end of the cylinder, exhaust ports leading therefrom to the atmosphere, annular plate valves on said valve seats, and means for raising said valves from their seats com-- prising spacing rods between said valves.

2. In a lluid operated percussive `tool, a cylinder of two diameters, a piston of two diameters therein, means for supplying fluid constantly' to the smaller diameter portion of the cylinder, passages controlled by the piston for admitting fluid alternately to the ends of the larger diameter portion of the cylinder, a sleeve in the larger diameter portion of the cylinder surrounding the larger diameter portion of the piston and having annular valve seats on its ends, exhaust ports leading from said valve seats' to the atmosphere, plate valves on said valve seats controlling said exhaust ports, and means for opening said valves.

to the ends of the largerdiameter portion of the cylinder, a sleeve in the larger diameter portion of the cylinder surrounding `the larger diameter portion ofthe piston and having annular valve seats on its ends, ex haust ports leadin from said valve seats to the atmosphere, p ate valves on said valve seats controlling said Iexhaust', ports, and means for opening said valves, said means comprisingspaoing rodspof greater length than said sleeve, contacting with said valves.

4. In: a fluid operated percussive tool, a cylinder, a piston,- means for admitting pressure constantly to one end of said cylinder, a passage controlled by the movementof the piston for admitting Huid to the other end of the cylinder, an exhaust port for the last mentioned end of the cylinder,

an annular plate valve controlling lsaid eX-v haust port, and means for operating said valve. Y

5. In a fluid operated percussive tool, a cylinder, a piston, means for alternately admitting motive fluid to the opposite ends of the cylinder, an annular valve seat in each intermittently supplied end of the cylinder, exhaust ports leading from said annular valve seats to the atmosphere, annular plate valves on said valve seats and means for raising said valves romtheir seats.

6. In a Huid operated percussive tool,`a

cylinder, a piston, means for alternatelyV -end of the cylinder,

Huid to the opposite ends an annular valve seat in admitting motive of the cylinder,

each intermittently supplied end of the cylinder, exhaust ports leading from said annular valve seats to the atmosphere, annular plate valves on said valve seats and means for alternately raising said valves the distance between the valve seats.

7'. In a fluid operated percussive tool, a cylinder, a piston, passages controlled by the` piston for alternatelyadmitting fluid to opposite ends of the cylinder, an annular valve seat in each intermittently supplied exhaust ports leading from said annular valve seats to the atmosphere, annular plate valves on said valve seats, and means for alternately raising said valves from their seats.

8. In a fluid operated percussive tool, a cylinder, a piston, passages controlled by the piston for alternately admitting motive fluid to the opposite ends of the cylinder, an annular valve seat in each intermittently supplied end of the cylinder, exhaust ports leading from said annular valve seats to the atmosphere annular plate valves on said' annular valve seats, and means for alternately raising said valves from their seats comprising spacing members holding the valves farther apart than the distance between the valve seats.

In testimony whereof, have hereunto set ARTHUR SMITH.

from their seats, comprising spacing members holding the valves farther apart than 

